Barcelona (Spain)

Source identity and administrative path

The source row behind Barcelona (Spain) is GeoNames ID 3128760. Its recorded administrative path is Provincia de Barcelona → Catalonia → Spain, and GeoNames classifies the place as a first-order administrative seat.

Barcelona appears on 2 separate GeoNames rows in this atlas, so the qualifier “Spain” and numeric ID prevent those places from being merged. The city row itself was updated 2026-05-20; that date belongs to the source record, not to every transport or visitor detail in the real destination.

Population position inside fixed cohorts

Within the fixed 1,206-record atlas, Barcelona (Spain) ranks 263 by recorded population. Inside the 6 selected Spain entries it ranks 2; inside the 125 entries in its broad region it ranks 15.

Its 1,686,208 population value is 2.23 times the 755,663 median for the country cohort and 2.54 times the 664,046 regional median. Barcelona (Spain) is rank 2 among the 6 selected Spain entries, so a percentage band would overstate this small cohort.

Barcelona (Spain)'s recorded value reaches at least twice the country-cohort median in this snapshot. These comparisons describe this selected dataset only; they are not current census rankings or official urban-area boundaries.

Nearest-reference pattern

Barcelona (Spain)'s three nearest other atlas coordinates are Toulouse at 253.231 km with 511,684 recorded people; Zaragoza at 254.506 km with 686,986 recorded people; City of Valencia (Spain) at 302.473 km with 824,340 recorded people. The closest-to-farthest distance spread is 49.242 km. Compared with Toulouse, Barcelona (Spain)'s recorded population is 3.30 times as large. Against Barcelona (Spain), Toulouse follows Upper Garonne → Occitanie → France in the source. Its point has higher latitude and lower longitude; it belongs to the selected France cohort rather than Spain, uses Europe/Paris instead of Europe/Madrid, and carries the same first-order administrative seat class.

Its recorded population is below Barcelona (Spain)'s. Against Barcelona (Spain), Zaragoza follows Provincia de Zaragoza → Aragon → Spain in the source. Its point has higher latitude and lower longitude; it belongs to the same selected Spain cohort, uses the shared Europe/Madrid identifier, and carries the same first-order administrative seat class. Its recorded population is below Barcelona (Spain)'s. Against Barcelona (Spain), City of Valencia (Spain) follows Provincia de Valencia → Valencia → Spain in the source.

Its point has lower latitude and lower longitude; it belongs to the same selected Spain cohort, uses the shared Europe/Madrid identifier, and carries the same first-order administrative seat class. Its recorded population is below Barcelona (Spain)'s. Its nearest-neighbor distance ranks 1,070 of 1,206 from shortest to longest in the same snapshot. Barcelona (Spain)'s nearest-coordinate gap belongs to the wider half of atlas distances. This pattern can reveal whether other catalog references are geographically close, but it cannot establish whether a border crossing is possible or practical, or whether rail, road, fare, or journey-time connections exist.

Read as one record signature, GeoNames 3128760, the coordinate pair 41.3888 / 2.1590, country rank 2 of 6, and neighbor GeoNames 2972315 at 253.231 km bind Barcelona (Spain) to a reproducible comparison. That combined key distinguishes the row; it is not a recommendation or evidence of a physical connection.

Coordinate, time-zone and class cohorts

Barcelona (Spain)'s reference point is 41.3888° north and 2.1590° east. The IANA identifier Europe/Madrid is shared by 6 city rows in this catalog, while the GeoNames class PPLA is shared by 429 rows. Barcelona (Spain)'s row carries both second- and first-order administrative labels.

Barcelona (Spain)'s point falls in the middle-latitude coordinate band used by this atlas's row checks. Barcelona (Spain)'s time-zone field defines the narrower catalog cohort; its place class is shared more broadly. GeoNames records Barcelona (Spain) at 15 metres above sea level, a single reference value rather than a description of slopes across the city.

Together these fields form a reproducible identity check for this page, not a claim about walkability, climate or accessibility.